In the first weeks of life, the baby already distinguishes light from dark and, around three months, perceives the intensity of colors (especially bright ones). Between three and four years old, most children begin to differentiate one color from another.
This ability, however, is more related to the child's capacity to pay attention than to a refinement of the visual organ. In fact, the sense of sight is already fully developed by about six months of age.
The color of objects plays a major role in children’s lives and influences their behavior (they always prefer colorful objects over gray ones). Before six years old, they are able to group objects based on color; later on, they will give preference to shape. Between three and six years old, during early schooling, red will be their favorite color, and from Basic General Education (six years old), they tend to prefer blue.
Through various evaluation tests or direct observation, it is possible to detect certain disorders, such as the inability to perceive certain colors (especially red and green), confusion between them (color blindness), or the inability to distinguish colors (achromatopsia).
Here are two fun exercises, with difficulty levels suitable for four-year-olds, and a third test to detect possible color blindness.
Color Blindness
1. On green, red, yellow, and blue cardstock, draw 12 squares (4 of each color) about 3 cm per side and cut them out.
2. Place all the squares or tiles on the table and ask the child to pick the 4 of a specific color, and so on.
Result: If repeatedly confused between red and green, color blindness is suspected.
The most common confusion is red-green, which appears as brownish spots.
Each child matures at their own pace, and it is normal for some to be more skilled than others.
With Care
1. Ask your child to name the color they are using to paint each of the nine drawings at the bottom of this page.
Result: The exercise is considered correct if the child names all nine colors correctly.
Between 15 and 30 percent of children do not complete the exercise correctly.
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